Comprehensive Peace
After five years of devastating war, the Democratic Republic of Congo’s government, rebel groups, civil society, and political opposition signed the Global and All Inclusive Agreement, establishing a framework for ending Africa’s deadliest conflict.
Agreement Signatories
Peace participants:
- Government of DRC
- Mouvement de Libération du Congo (MLC)
- Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie (RCD)
- Civil society organizations
- Political opposition parties
Transitional Government
Power-sharing arrangement:
- Joseph Kabila as President
- Four Vice-Presidents from different factions
- Proportional cabinet representation
- National Assembly reorganization
- Unified army integration
International Support
External backing:
- South Africa: Mediation leadership
- UN: Peacekeeping mission expansion
- European Union: Development aid
- World Bank: Reconstruction funding
- African Union: Continental endorsement
Integration Challenges
Military unification:
- Rebel force incorporation
- Command structure establishment
- Foreign troop withdrawal
- Child soldier demobilization
- Security sector reform
The Pretoria Agreement marked the formal end of the Second Congo War, though implementation would prove difficult amid continued violence in eastern regions.