IEA chief Fatih Birol calls the Iraq-Turkey oil pipeline a golden opportunity to bypass the Strait of Hormuz. The route would move crude from southern Iraq through Turkey to the Mediterranean, avoiding the volatile Persian Gulf entirely.
China was invited to the Paris Hormuz conference while the US was not. Beijing is positioning itself as a key mediator in the Iran war, with energy security and strategic interests driving its involvement.
Small independent refineries in Shandong province — known as teapots — have given China a flexible buffer against the Iran war oil disruption, processing discounted Iranian and Russian crude outside mainstream channels.
Historic halt to Russian gas flows through Ukrainian pipelines reshapes European energy security and marks end of Soviet-era arrangement
Drone and missile attacks on Saudi oil facilities disrupt global energy markets, with Iran blamed for orchestrating assault